Vedas-4,Upanishads 108 & puranas 18...A Ready Reference.
Vedas are Four.....................................
1. Rig Veda
2.Yajur Veda
3. Sama Ved
&
4. Atharva Veda.
Main Upanishads are 108......................................
The word 'Upanishad' in Sanskrit language means upa (near), ni (down) and shad (to sit), which can be summed up as 'to sit down near' (and receive instructions). The Guru and disciple or a Guru and devotee stting were not always prevalent in strict sense. In some cases, it was husband answering questions about immortality to his wife or a teenage boy was being taught by Yama (God of Death). The teachers, in some cases were women sages and the seekers of inspiration were kings. Besides dialogues, Upanishads also contain narrations, similes, metaphors, illustrations and symbolism.
According to Historians, Upanishads were composed between year 800-400 B.C. Experts differ on total number of Upanishads, but most agree on 108. From various elaboration found inside Upanishadic verses, it can be said that, sages like Yagnavalkya, Uddalaka, Aitareya, Pippalada, Sanat Kumar, Shwetaketu, Shandilya, Manu and even Maharshi Narada disseminated Upanishadic knowledge and thus, can be said to be their authors.
Upanishad contained in the RIG-VEDA:-
1.Aitareya Upanishad
2.Aksha-Malika Upanishad
3.Atma-Bodha Upanishad
4.Bahvricha Upanishad
5.Kaushitaki-Brahmana Upanishad
6.Mudgala Upanishad
7.Nada-Bindu Upanishad
8.Nirvana Upanishad
9.Saubhagya-Lakshmi Upanishad
10.Tripura Upanishad
Upanishad contained in the SUKLA-YAJUR-VEDA:
11.Adhyatma Upanishad
12.Advaya-Taraka Upanishad
13.Bhikshuka Upanishad
14.Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
15.Hamsa Upanishad
16.Isavasya Upanishad
17.Jabala Upanishad
18.Mandala-Brahmana Upanishad
19.Mantrika Upanishad
20.Muktika Upanishad
21.Niralamba Upanishad
22.Paingala Upanishad
23.Paramahamsa Upanishad
24.Satyayaniya Upanishad
25.Subala Upanishad
26.Tara-Sara Upanishad
27.Trisikhi-Brahmana Upanishad
28.Turiyatita-Avadhuta Upanishad
29.Yajnavalkya Upanishad
Upanishad contained in the KRISHNA-YAJUR -VEDA:
30.Akshi Upanishad
31.Amrita-Bindhu Upanishad
32.Amrita-Nada Upanishad
33.Avadhuta Upanishad
34.Brahma-Vidya Upanishad
35.Brahma Upanishad
36.Dakshinamurti Upanishad
37.Dhyana-Bindu Upanishad
38.Ekakshara Upanishad
39.Garbha Upanishad
40.Kaivalya Upanishad
41.Kalagni-Rudra Upanishad
42.Kali-Santarana Upanishad
43.Katha Upanishad
44.Katharudra Upanishad
45.Kshurika Upanishad
46.Maha-Narayana (or) Yajniki Upanishad
47.Pancha-Brahma Upanishad
48.Pranagnihotra Upanishad
49.Rudra-Hridaya Upanishad
50.Sarasvati-Rahasya Upanishad
51.Sariraka Upanishad
52.Sarva-Sara Upanishad
53.Skanda Upanishad
54.Suka-Rahasya Upanishad
55.Svetasvatara Upanishad
56.Taittiriya Upanishad
57.Tejo-Bindu Upanishad
58.Varaha Upanishad
59.Yoga-Kundalini Upanishad
60.Yoga-Sikha Upanishad
61.Yoga-Tattva Upanishad
Upanishad contained in the SAMA-VEDA:
62.Aruni Upanishad
63.Avyakta Upanishad
64.Chandogya Upanishad
65.Darsana Upanishad
66.Jabali Upanishad
67.Kena Upanishad
68.Kundika Upanishad
69.Maha Upanishad
70.Maitrayani Upanishad
71.Maitreya Upanishad
72.Rudraksha-Jabala Upanishad
73.Sannyasa Upanishad
74.Savitri Upanishad
75.Vajrasuchika Upanishad
76.Vasudeva Upanishad
77.Yoga-Chudamani Upanishad
Upanishad contained in the ATHARVA-VEDA:
78.Annapurna Upanishad
79.Atharvasikha Upanishad
80.Atharvasiras Upanishad
81.Atma Upanishad
82.Bhasma-Jabala Upanishad
83.Bhavana Upanishad
84.Brihad-Jabala Upanishad
85.Dattatreya Upanishad
86.Devi Upanishad
87.Ganapati Upanishad
88.Garuda Upanishad
89.Gopala-Tapaniya Upanishad
90.Hayagriva Upanishad
91.Krishna Upanishad
92.Maha-Vakya Upanishad
93.Mandukya Upanishad
94.Mundaka Upanishad
95.Narada-Parivrajaka Upanishad
96.Nrisimha-Tapaniya Upanishad
97.Para-Brahma Upanishad
98.Paramahamsa-Parivrajaka Upanishad
99.Pasupata-Brahmana Upanishad
100.Prasna Upanishad
101.Rama-Rahasya Upanishad
102.Rama-Tapaniya Upanishad
103.Sandilya Upanishad
104.Sarabha Upanishad
105.Sita Upanishad
106.Surya Upanishad
107.Tripadvibhuti-Mahanarayana Upanishad
108.Tripura-Tapini Upanishad
Puranas are 18.........................................
The following is a list of the 18 maha-puranas along with the important subjects contained in each purana.
Puranas with Lord Vishnu as the Predominating Deity (Sattva Guna):
1) Vishnu Purana - 23,000 verses.
Stories of various devotees; a description of varnasrama; the six angas of the Veda; a description of the age of Kali; description of Sveta-Varaha Kalpa, Vishnu dharmotara.
2) Naradiya Purana - 25,000 verses.
This Purana contains a synopsis of everything; it describes Jagannatha Puri, Dwaraka, Badrinatha, etc.
3) Padma Purana - 55,000 verses.
Contains the glory of Srimad-Bhagavatam; the stories of Rama, Jagannatha, Matsya, Ekadasi, Bhrgu, etc.
4) Garuda Purana - 19,000 verses.
Subject of Bhagavad-gita; reincarnation; visnu-sahasra-nama; description of Tarsya Kalpa.
5) Varaha Purana - 24,000 verses.
Describes different vratas; Lord Vishnu's glories.
6) Bhagavata Purana - 18,000 verses. (included by some in the mode of goodness).
Puranas with Lord Brahma as the Predominating Deity (Rajo Guna):
7) Brahmanda Purana - 12,000 verses.
Describes the vedangas; describes the Adi Kalpa.
8) Brahmavaivarta Purana - 18,000 verses.
Contains the glories and pastimes of Radha and Krishna.
9) Markandeya Purana - 9,000 verses.
Stories of Rama and Krishna.
10) Bhavisya Purana - 14,500 verses.
Contains the glories of devotional service; prediction of Lord Chaitanya.
11) Vamana Purana - 10,000 verses.
Contains the story of Lord Trivikrama.
12) Brahma Purana - 10,000 verses.
Puranas with Lord Shiva as the Predominating Deity (Tamo Guna):
13) Matsya Purana - 14,000 verses.
Temple construction; describes Vamana and Varaha Kalpas.
14) Kurma Purana - 17,000 verses.
Contains the conversation between Krishna and the Sun-god (mentioned in Bhagavad-gita); Danvantari; Describes the Lakshmi Kalpa.
15) Linga Purana - 10,000 verses.
Contains the glory of Lord Nrismhadeva; Janardhana; the story of Ambarisa; the glories of Gayatri.
16) Shiva Purana - 24,000 verses.
17) Skanda Purana - 81,000 verses.
18) Agni Purana - 15,400 verses.
Contains the description of Salagrama; Describes the Isana Kalpa.
All these Puranas describe five subjects. The Amarkhosa describes the Puranas as follows:
"sargas ca pratisarga ca
vamsa manvantarani ca
vamsanu caritam capi
puranam panca laksanam"
A Purana describes five subjects:
1) sarga (creation)
2) pratisarga (recreation)
3) vamsa (history of the sages)
4) manvantara (periods of Manu)
5) vamsanucarita (geneology of kings)
Hope this will be of use to my beloved readers.
Compiled & presented by
J.K
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